Wednesday, June 2, 2010

Presidential Elections Columbia

List of Presidents of Colombia

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The following List of Presidents of Colombia is a list in chronological order of the persons who have occupied the Office of the President of Colombia or similar office during its history since achieving Independence in 1810. Because of historical events and constitutional restrictions, the Chief Executive Officers of Colombia have not always been called Presidents, but have held the office under various different titles.

Contents

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[edit] Foolish Fatherland (During the Reign of Fernando VII)

The Foolish Fatherland is a historical period where the colonies of the Viceroyalty of the New Granada first experimented with self-rule. After the incarceration of Emperor Ferdinand VII of Spain by Napoleon Bonaparte, several cities across the empire cut ties with the shadow government of Napoleon's brother, Joseph I, who had crowned himself King of Spain. As the news of this unrest reached the New World various cities declared independence from Spain. In the New Granada, given the fraction of its territory, various provinces declared themselves independent and set up their own governments headed by Criollos. The office of President was then first implemented in the country by regional leaders.

[edit] Regional Presidents (Note: Mayors are not Presidents)

[edit] State of Cundinamarca (1810—1812)

On January 29, 1810 the Supreme Central and Governing Junta of the Kingdom in Cádiz dissolved under the pressure of French troops during the Siege of Cádiz, thus ending the last bastillion of the Spanish Resistance in mainland Spain. When news of this event reached the New World local political leaders sought to take advantage of the situation and set up juntas headed by Criollos. In Bogotá, the capital of the Viceroyalty of the New Granada news of this event reached on July 20, 1810 and the events that followed led to the formation of the Open Cabildo of Bogotá. At first the Cabildo sought to gain legitimacy by including the Viceroy in their leadership, but he refused to do so and was replaced by the Vice President of the Cabildo, the Mayor of Bogotá, José Miguel Pey de Andrade making him the first Criollo to hold executive and legislative power over the territory that is now Colombia. As independence spread over the empire, the Cabildo was replaced by the Government of the Free and Independent State of Cundinamarca, with Bogotá as its capital and Jorge Tadeo Lozano as its President, or as his title indicated "President of Cundinamarca and Vicegerent of the King's Person." The independent Republic of Cundinamarca lasted until 1812, when this one was incorporated into the United Provinces of the New Granada.

Escudo de Bogotá.svgOpen Cabildo of BogotáEscudo de Bogotá.svg
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down
Antonio Jose Amar y Borb n.JPG Antonio José
Amar y Borbón
did not take office
President-elect of Cabildo, but refuses to accept office. Permanently replaced.
José Miguel Pey.jpg José Miguel
Pey de Andrade
July 20, 1810 April 1, 1811 Vice President acting as President in his absence. Eventually elected nominal President. Office subyugated to that of Cundinamarca.
Escudo de Cundinamarca.svg • Independent State of CundinamarcaEscudo de Cundinamarca.svg
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down
Lozajorg.jpg Jorge
Tadeo Lozano
April 1, 1811 September 19, 1811 Elected by Congress. Resigned from office.
Nariño by Acevedo Bernal.jpg Antonio
Nariño y Álvarez
June 25, 1812 September 21, 1813 Elected by Congress. Left office to fight insurgency.
Luis de Ayala y Vergara.jpg Luis
de Ayala y Vergara
June 25, 1812 August 5, 1812 Presiding Member of Provisional Government Junta. President resumes power.
Nariño by Acevedo Bernal.jpg Antonio
Nariño y Álvarez
August 5, 1812 August 19, 1812 Resumes power. Left office to fight insurgency.
Mbenitocastro.jpg Manuel Benito
de Castro y Arcaya
August 19, 1812 September 12, 1812 Interim caretaker. President resumes power.
Nariño by Acevedo Bernal.jpg Antonio
Nariño y Álvarez
September 12, 1812 November 26, 1812 Resumes power. Left office to fight insurgency.
Colpres proyecto.png Felipe
de Vergara y Caycedo
November 26, 1812 December 15, 1812 Presiding member of Provisional Government Junta. President resumes power.
Nariño by Acevedo Bernal.jpg Antonio
Nariño y Álvarez
December 15, 1812 September 21, 1813 Resumes power. Left office to fight insurgency.
Manuel de Bernardo Álvarez.jpg Manuel de Bernardo
Álvarez del Casal
September 21, 1813 December 12, 1814 Interim caretaker. Deposed. Office subyugated to that of the United Provinces of New Granada..

[edit] State of Cartagena de Indias (1810-1812)(During the Reign of Fernando VII)

When news of the declaration of independence of the Cabildo of Bogotá reached the port city of Cartagena de Indias, local leaders moved to form their own Supreme Junta on August 13, 1810, and subsequently on November 11, 1811 declared absolute independence from Spain and from the Viceroyalty of New Granada becoming its own nation, initially under the leadership of Ignacio Cavero as President of the Junta, and afterwards under a Governor President until the incorporation of Cartagena into the United Provinces of New Granada.

Antiguo escudo de Cartagena de Indias.svgSupreme Junta of Cartagena de IndiasAntiguo escudo de Cartagena de Indias.svg
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down
Ignacio Cavero.jpg José Ignacio
Cavero y Cárdenas
November 11, 1811 January 21, 1812 President of the Supreme Junta of Government Office subyugated to the new State.
Colpres proyecto.png José María
del Real e Hidalgo
January 21, 1812 April 1, 1812 Elected Governor President of the State. Office replaced.
Fi 49 Rodríguez Torices, Manuel.jpg Manuel
Rodríguez Torices
April 26, 1815 November 15, 1815 Elected President-Dictator by Convention of Cartagena. Office subyugated to that of the United Provinces of New Granada.

[edit] Republic of Antioquia (1810—1815)(During the Reign of Fernando VII)

Sello Republica de Antioquia.svgRepublic of AntioquiaEscudo de Antioquia.svg
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down

[edit] Republic of Tunja (1812)[During The Reign of Fernando VII ]

The Province of Tunja had originally refuted the actions of Bogotá in declaring independence from Spain, but as cities within its own province started to clamour for independence by joining Cundinamarca who had already attained theirs, Tunja was forced to act quickly. On November 26, 1811 Tunja signed the Act of Confederation joining the United Provinces of New Granada, and on December 9, 1811 declared its formal independence from Spain. The tensions between Cundinamarca and the United Provinces however forced Tunja to enter into a treaty with Cundinamarca; the Santa Rosa Pact separated Tunja from the Federalist government of the United Provinces and put it in track to eventually join the Centralist government of Cundinamarca. The Republic of Tunja was now standing in its own two feet under the administration of President-Governor Juan Nepomuceno Niño, this lasted until Cundinamarca was finally defeated and Tunja rejoined the United Provinces.

Escudo de Tunja.svgRepublic of TunjaEscudo de Tunja.svg
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down
Colpres proyecto.png Juan Nepomuceno
Niño y Muelle
July 3, 1812 October 4, 1812 Elected President-Governor of Tunja by its Junta. Office subyugated to that of the United Provinces of New Granada.

[edit] United Provinces of New Granada (1812—1816)(During the Reign of Fernando VII)

The United Provinces of New Granada was formed on November 26, 1811 as a Confederation of the independent provinces of Tunja, Pamplona, Antioquia, Cartagena and Neiva. The office of the President was at first non-existant, the provinces did not want to enthrust power to one person in order to avoid favoritism. During its first formal assembly, the Federal Congress elected as its first President Camilo Torres Tenorio and enthrusted him with executive power while a Triumvirate was set up. The Triumvirate, was an experimental form of executive power in which three individuals would parallelly and equally share executive power, giving more representation to various provinces at once; the system however, was flawed and ultimately proved difficult to maintain in light of the invasion by Pablo Morillo and its leaders were persecuted, forced to pass along power in a relay race for time and survival until all of its leaders were finally killed, or captured.

Flag of Barranquilla.svgUnited Provinces of New GranadaEscudo de las Provincias Unidas de Nueva Granada.svg
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down
Camilotorres.jpg Camilo
Torres Tenorio
October 4, 1812 October 5, 1814 President of the Congress, entrusted with the Federal Executive Power. Replaced by Triumvirate.
Fi 51 Castillo y Rada, José María.jpg José María
del Castillo Rada
October 5, 1814 November 28, 1814 Interim Triumvir. Term ends.
Joaquin Camacho.jpg Joaquín
Camacho Lago
October 5, 1814 January 25, 1815 Interim Triumvir. Term ends.
Fernjose.jpg José
Fernández Madrid
October 5, 1814 April 26, 1815 Interim Triumvir. Term ends.
García Rovira.jpg Custodio
García Rovira
November 28, 1814 July 24, 1815 Nominal Triumvir. Term ends.
José Miguel Pey.jpg José Miguel
Pey de Andrade
January 25, 1815 November 15, 1815 Alternate Triumvir, replaced Restrepo. Term ends.
Crisanto Valenzuela y Conde.jpg Crisanto
Valenzuela y Conde
July 25, 1815 August 17, 1815 Interim Provisional Triumvir. Alternate Triumvir takes office.
Fi 49 Rodríguez Torices, Manuel.jpg Manuel
Rodríguez Torices
April 26, 1815 November 15, 1815 Nominal Triumvir. Steps down from office to answer conspiracy charges, is exonerated of charges two days later on October 18.
Antonio Villavicencio.jpg Antonio
Villavicencio y Verástegui
August 17, 1815 November 15, 1815 Alternate Triumvir, replaced García. Term ends.
Jose Manuel Restrepo Velez.jpg José Manuel
Restrepo Vélez
did not take office
Triumvir-elect Declined office.
Camilotorres.jpg Camilo
Torres Tenorio
November 15, 1815 March 14, 1816 Elected by Congress. Resigned office.
Fernjose.jpg José
Fernández Madrid
March 14, 1816 June 22, 1816 Appointed by Congress. Escaped the capital and resigned due to Spanish persecution.
Mejilibo.jpg Liborio
Mejía Gutiérrez
June 22, 1816 June 30, 1816 Vice President appointed by Congress acting as President in his absence. President takes office.
García Rovira.jpg Custodio
García Rovira
June 30, 1816 July 10, 1816 Appointed President-Dictator by Congress. Captured by the Spanish Army.
Fi 53 Serrano, Fernando.jpg Fernando
Serrano Uribe
July 16, 1816 September 16, 1816 Elected by an assembly of army units. Captured by the Spanish Army.

[edit] Reign of Terror (1816—1819)(During the Reign of Fernando VII)

The culmination of the Spanish reconquest of New Granada was the reinstitution of the Vice-royalty and the return of Spanish rule. The office of President was abolished in the colony and those fighting for independence were either captured, killed, forced underground or forced into exile; this period is known as the Reign of Terror, a period when the Spanish colonial rulers sought to set an example of all of those who have defied the crown by setting show trials and sentencing many of the Precursors of independence to death in public displays.

Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svgSpanish Reconquista of New GranadaEscudo de Bogotá.svg

[edit] Republic of Colombia (1819—1831)[During The Reign of Fernando VII ]

BanderaGranColombia.png • 1st Republic of ColombiaCoat of arms of Gran Colombia.png
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down
Simón Bolívar 2.jpg Simón
Bolívar Palacios
February 15, 1819 December 13, 1821 Elected by the Congress of Angostura in 1819. Re-elected by the Congress of Cúcuta 1821. Leaves to fight in the Southern Campaign.
Santander by Acevedo Bernal.jpg Francisco de Paula
Santander y Omaña
December 13, 1821 November 14, 1826 Vice President, in charge of the executive power. President returns.
Simón Bolívar 2.jpg Simón
Bolívar Palacios
November 14, 1826 November 10, 1829 Returns to finish term. Declares himself President-Dictator. Leaves to fight.
Estanislao Vergara.jpg Estanislao
Vergara y Santamaría
November 10, 1829 December 10, 1829 Presiding Member of the Council of State, in charge of the executive. President returns.
Simón Bolívar 2.jpg Simón
Bolívar Palacios
December 10, 1829 May 4, 1830 Returns to power. Declares himself President-Dictator. Resigns office.
Domingo Caycedo Santamaría.jpg Domingo
de Caycedo y Sanz
May 4, 1830 June 13, 1830 Vice President, in charge of the executive. Finished term.
Joaquín Mosquera lithograph.jpg Joaquín
Mosquera y Arboleda
June 13, 1830 September 4, 1830 Elected by Congress Ousted by Military Coup.
Rafael urdaneta.jpg Rafael
Urdaneta y Faría
September 4, 1830 April 30, 1831 Provisional Chief of Government, took power by coup. Ousted later by the legitimate government.
José Miguel Pey.jpg
Colpres proyecto.png
Juan García del Río.jpg
José Miguel
Pey de Andrade





Jerónimo
de Mendoza Galavís





Juan
García Del Río
April 30, 1831 May 2, 1831 Plural Executive made up by the Council of Ministers set up to accept resignation of General Urdaneta and invite General Caycedo to take office.
Pey, Secretary of War and Navy;
Mendoza, Secretary of Finance;
García, Secretary of Foreign Affairs and Interior.
Finished term.
Domingo Caycedo Santamaría.jpg Domingo
de Caycedo y Sanz
May 2, 1831 November 23, 1831 Vice President, in charge of the Executive. Resigns office.

[edit] Republic of New Granada (1831—1861)[Austrian Empire]

Flag of New Granada.svgRepublic of New GranadaEscudo de la Nueva Granada.svg
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down
José María Obando.jpg José María
Obando del Campo
November 23, 1831 March 10, 1832 Vice President in charge of the Provisional Government. Sanctioned the Constitution of 1832 that created the Republic of New Granada. End of term.
José Ignacio de Márquez.jpg José Ignacio
de Márquez Barreto
March 10, 1832 October 7, 1832 Vice President by Indirect Election., Acting President. Hands back power.
Santander by Acevedo Bernal.jpg Francisco de Paula
Santander y Omaña
October 7, 1832 April 1, 1837 Elected by Congress. Re-elected to second term by Congress. End of term.
José Ignacio de Márquez.jpg José Ignacio
de Márquez Barreto
April 1, 1837 April 1, 1841 Elected by Congress after indirect elections failed to give the required majority. End of term.
Herrán, Pedro Alcántara.jpg Pedro Alcántara
Herrán Martínez
April 1, 1841 July 5, 1841 Elected by Congress after indirect elections failed to give the required majority. Leaves to fight in War of the Supremes.
Juan de Dios Aranzazu 1.jpg Juan de Dios
Aranzazu González
July 5, 1841 May 19, 1842 President of the Council of State, in charge of the executive. President returns.
Herrán, Pedro Alcántara.jpg Pedro Alcántara
Herrán Martínez
May 19, 1842 April 1, 1845 Returns to office after war. End of term.
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPG Tomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda
April 1, 1845 August 14, 1847 Elected by Congress after indirect elections failed to give the required majority. End of term.
Rufino Cuervo y Barreto sketch.jpg Rufino
Cuervo y Barreto
August 14, 1847 December 14, 1847 Vice President, in charge of the executive power. President returns to power
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPG Tomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda
December 14, 1847 April 1, 1849 Returns to power. End of term.
Josehilariolopez1.png José Hilario
López Valdéz
April 1, 1849 April 1, 1853 Elected by Congress after indirect elections failed to give the required majority. End of term.
José María Obando.jpg José María
Obando del Campo
April 1, 1853 April 17, 1854 Indirect elections. Ousted by Military Coup.
Jose Maria Melo 1.jpg José María
Melo y Ortiz
April 17, 1854 December 4, 1854 Supreme Head of the Provisional Government, took power in a military coup. Ousted by legitimate government.
Tomás Herrera y Pérez.jpg Tomás
Herrera y Pérez
April 21, 1854 August 5, 1854 Claimed the Presidency as 1st Designate. Acting in rebellion against the usurper Government of General Melo.
Francisco Antonio Obregón.jpg Francisco Antonio
Obregón Muñoz
May 20, 1854 June 2, 1854 Secretary of Government, in charge of the executive power. President returned to power.
Jose Maria Melo 1.jpg José María
Melo y Ortiz
June 2, 1854 December 4, 1854 Supreme Head of the Provisional Government, took power in a military coup. Ousted by legitimate government.
Obaljose.jpg José
de Obaldía y Orejuela
August 5, 1854 April 1, 1855 Vice President succeeding to the Presidency acting in rebellion against the usurper Government of General Melo. Hands power to Vice President.
Manuel María Mallarino.jpg Manuel María
Mallarino Ibargüen
April 1, 1855 April 1, 1857 Vice President, acting chief executive. End of term.
Mariano Ospina Rodríguez.jpg Mariano
Ospina Rodríguez
April 1, 1857 May 22, 1858 Direct Elections. Term continues to next constitutional phase.

[edit] Granadine Confederation (1858—1861)[Austrian Empire Welcomes MAX]

Liberal Party Conservative Party

Flag of Granadine Confederation.svgGranadine ConfederationEscudo de la Nueva Granada.svg
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down
Mariano Ospina Rodríguez.jpg Mariano
Ospina Rodríguez
May 22, 1858 April 1, 1861
End of term.
Juan Jose Nieto Gil.jpg Juan José
Nieto Gil
January 25, 1861 July 18, 1861 2nd Designate, acting in rebellion. Ceded power to Mosquera.
Bartolomé Calvo.jpg Bartolomé
Calvo Díaz
April 1, 1861 July 10, 1861 Inspector General, succeds to office while Congress was closed down and the President-elect could not take the oath of office. Arrested and deposed.
Julio Arboleda Pombo.jpg Julio
Arboleda Pombo
July 10, 1861 July 18, 1861 President-elect in 1861 direct elections, but could not take the oath of office, eventually succeeded to the Presidency only after being named Inspector General in replacement of Calvo. Deposed by Military Coup.
Ignacio Gutiérrez Vergara.jpg Ignacio
Gutiérrez Vergara
July 18, 1861 January 18, 1862 Secretary of Finance, succeded to the presidency after Calvo and Arboleda were taken prisoners. Arrested and deposed.
Glcg.jpg Leonardo
Canal González
July 18, 1861 November 6, 1862 Secretary of Government and War, led the constitutional government in exile. Ceded power.
Andres Cerón.jpg Andrés
Cerón Serrano
February 1862 February 1862 Secretary of War and Navy; during the chaotic period of occupation was in charge of executive power at times. Usurper government stabilized and ceded power to Mosquera.
Manuel del Río y de Narváez.jpg Manuel
del Río y de Narváez
November 6, 1862 January 13, 1863 Minister of the Interior, in charge of the executive. The Constitution prevented a General from taking executive power, General Canal ceded power to his eldest Secretary of State in order to maintain constitutional succession. Government in exile reached a peace agreement and ceded power.
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPG Tomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda
July 18, 1861 February 4, 1863 Military coup. Called for a Constituent Assembly to enact a new constitution and ceded executive power to it.

[edit] United States of Colombia (1863—1886)[Puerto Rico Unites To Colombia]

Flag of United States of Colombia.svgUnited States of ColombiaEscudo Estados Unidos de Colombia.svg
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down
Francisco Javier Zaldúa 1.jpg Francisco Javier
Zaldúa y Racines
February 4, 1863 February 10, 1863 President of the Rionegro Convention, entrusted with the executive. Cedes power.
Froilán Largacha Hurtado.jpg
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPG
Josehilariolopez1.png
Eustorgio Salgar 1.jpg
Santos Gutiérrez 1.jpg
Froilán
Largacha Hurtado



Tomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda



José Hilario
López Valdéz



Eustorgio
Salgar Moreno




Santos
Gutiérrez Prieto
February 10, 1863 May 14, 1863 Plural Executive headed by the Council of Ministers:
Largacha, Minister of the Treasury;
Mosquera, Minister of War;
López, Minister of Foreign Affairs;
Salgar, Minister of Finance
Gutiérrez, Minister of the Interior.
Replaced by President.
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPG Tomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda
May 14, 1863 January 29, 1864 Elected by the Rionegro Convention. Left to fight in Ecuadorian–Colombian War.
Juan Agustín de Uricoechea.jpg Juan Agustín
de Uricoechea Zarnoza y Rocha
January 29, 1864 February 28, 1864 Inspector General, in charge of the executive. President returned to power.
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPG Tomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda
February 28, 1864 April 8, 1864 Elected by the Rionegro Convention. End of term.
Manuel Murillo Toro.JPG Manuel
Murillo Toro
April 8, 1864 April 1, 1866 Indirect elections.
José María Rojas Garrido.jpg José María
Rojas Garrido
April 1, 1866 May 22, 1866 1st Designate in the absence of the elected President. President takes office.
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPG Tomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda
May 22, 1866 May 23, 1867 Indirect elections. Deposed by Military Coup.
Joaquín Riascos.jpg Joaquín
Riascos García
May 12, 1867 June 28, 1867 3rd Designate, claims executive power after Mosquera closes Congress. Cedes power to Acosta.
Manuel María de los Santos Acosta.jpg Santos
Acosta Castillo
May 23, 1867 April 1, 1868 2nd Designate, claims executive power after Mosquera closes Congress and moved to depose him in a coup. Cedes power.
Santos Gutiérrez 1.jpg Santos
Gutiérrez Prieto
April 1, 1868 December 21, 186 Indirect elections. Because of his marriage he took a temporary leave of absence from office.
SalvadorCamacho.jpg Salvador
Camacho Roldán
December 21, 1868 January 2, 1869 1st Designate, in charge of the executive power.
Santos Gutiérrez 1.jpg Santos
Gutiérrez Prieto
January 2, 1869 April 1, 1870 Returns to power. End of term.
Eustorgio Salgar 1.jpg Eustorgio
Salgar Moreno
April 1, 1870 April 1, 1872 Indirect elections. End of term.
Manuel Murillo Toro.JPG Manuel
Murillo Toro
April 1, 1872 April 1,1874 Indirect elections. End of term.
Santiago Pérez.jpg Santiago
Pérez de Manosalbas
April 1, 1874 April 1, 1876 Indirect elections. End of term.
Aquileo Parra.jpg Aquileo
Parra Gómez
April 1, 1876 May 19, 1877 Indirect elections. Temporarily steps down due to illness.
Sergio Camargo Pinzón.jpg José Sergio
Camargo Pinzón
May 19, 1877 August 14, 1877 2nd Designate, in charge of the executive power. President returns to power.
Aquileo Parra.jpg Aquileo
Parra Gómez
August 14, 1877 December 22, 1877 Returned to power. Instability in the country threatens to overthrow him from office due to his illness and is asked to temporarily step down.
Manuel María Ramírez Fortoul.jpg Manuel María
Ramírez Fortoul
December 22, 1877 December 24, 1877 Inspector General, in charge of the executive power. President returns to power.
Aquileo Parra.jpg Aquileo
Parra Gómez
December 24, 1877 April 1, 1878 Returned to power. End of term.
Julián Trujillo Largacha.jpg Julián
Trujillo Largacha
April 1, 1878 April 8, 1880 Indirect elections. End of term.
Rafael Núñez Moledo.jpg Rafael
Núñez Moledo
April 8, 1880 April 1, 1882 Indirect elections. End of term.
Francisco Javier Zaldúa 1.jpg Francisco Javier
Zaldúa y Racines
April 1, 1882 December 21, 1882 Indirect elections. Dies in office.
Clímaco Calderón.jpg Clímaco
Calderón Reyes
December 21, 1882 December 22, 1882 Inspector General, succedes to Presidency in absence of the Designates. Cedes power.
José Eusebio Otálora 1.jpg José Eusebio
Otálora Martínez
December 22, 1882 April 1, 1884 2nd Presidential Designate, takes office after death of Zaldúa and after the 1st Designate, Núñez, declined the office. End of term.
Ezequiel3.jpg Ezequiel
Hurtado Hurtado
April 1, 1884 August 11, 1884 1st Designate in charge of the executive in absence of the newly elected President. President takes office.
Rafael Núñez Moledo.jpg Rafael
Núñez Moledo
August 11, 1884 April 1, 1886 Indirect elections. Resigned office.
José María Campo Serrano 1.jpg José María
Campo Serrano
April 1, 1886 August 4, 1886 1st Designate, succedes to Presidency. Term carried over to next constitutional phase.

[edit] Republic of Colombia (1886—present)Fernando Noveno Emperor King of Holy Columbian Empires

Liberal Party Royalty Conservative Party Colombia First Military Rule

Flag of Colombia.svgRepublic of ColombiaCoat of Arms of Colombia.svg
Picture Name Took office Left office Form of Ascension Reason for stepping down
José María Campo Serrano 1.jpg José María
Campo Serrano
August 4, 1886 January 5, 1887 Sanctioned the Colombian Constitution of 1886. End of term.
Eliseo Payán 1.jpg Eliseo
Payán Hurtado
January 5, 1887 June 4, 1887 Vice President, in charge of the executive President takes office.
Rafael Núñez Moledo.jpg Rafael
Núñez Moledo
June 4, 1887 December 12, 1887 Indirect elections. Resigns from office.
Eliseo Payán 1.jpg Eliseo
Payán Hurtado
December 12, 1887 February 8, 1888 Vice President by special decree, in charge of the executive. President returns to office.
Rafael Núñez Moledo.jpg Rafael
Núñez Moledo
February 8, 1888 August 7, 1888 Returns to power after being warned of insurrection against Payán. Leves due to illness.
Carlos Holguín Mallarino oleo.jpg Carlos
Holguín Mallarino
August 7, 1888 August 7, 1892 1st Designate, in charge of the executive. Cedes power.
Miguel Antonio Caro 2.jpg Miguel Antonio
Caro Tobar
August 7, 1892 January 16, 1893 Vice President, in charge of the executive. Temporarily steps down.
Antonio Basilio Cuervo.jpg Antonio Basilio
Cuervo Urisarri
January 16, 1893 January 17, 1893 Minister of Government and War, in charge of the executive power. Term ends.
Miguel Antonio Caro 2.jpg Miguel Antonio
Caro Tobar
January 17, 1893 March 12, 1896 Returns to power. Temporarily steps down from power.
Ggqc.jpg Guillermo
Quintero Calderón
March 12, 1896 March 17, 1896 1st Designate, in charge of the executive power. President returns to power.
Miguel Antonio Caro 2.jpg Miguel Antonio
Caro Tobar
March 17, 1896 August 7, 1898 Returns to power. Term ends.
Manuel Antonio Sanclemente.jpg Manuel Antonio
Sanclemente Sanclemente
August 7, 1898 July 31, 1900 Indirect Elections. Deposed by Military Coup.
Xilografia de José Manuel Marroquín.jpg José Manuel
Marroquín Ricaurte
July 31, 1900 August 7, 1904 Vice President, takes power by coup. Cedes power.
Rafael Reyes.jpg Rafael
Reyes Prieto
August 7, 1904 March 16, 1908 Direct elections. Leaves temporarily.
Angulo, Euclides de.jpg Diego Euclides
de Angulo Lemos
March 16, 1908 April 16, 1908 Interim caretaker. President returns to office.
Rafael Reyes.jpg Rafael
Reyes Prieto
April 16, 1908 July 27, 1909 Returns to office. Resigns office.
Jorgehoguin1.png Jorge
Holguín Mallarino
July 27, 1909 August 4, 1909 1st Designate, in charge of the executive. Replaced by Congress.
Ramon G. Valencia.jpg Ramón
González Valencia
August 4, 1909 August 7, 1910 Elected by Congress to finish the remainder of Reyes's term. Ends term.
Carlos Eugenio Restrepo Restrepo.jpg Carlos Eugenio
Restrepo Restrepo
August 7, 1910 August 7, 1914 Elected by National Assembly. Term ends.
Jose Vicente Concha.jpg José Vicente
Concha Ferreira
August 7, 1914 August 10, 1918 Elected by National Assembly. Term ends.
Marco Fidel Suárez.jpg Marco Fidel
Suárez
August 10, 1918 November 11, 1921 Elected by National Assembly. Resigns from office.
Jorgehoguin1.png Jorge
Holguín Mallarino
November 11, 1921 August 7, 1922 1st Designate, in charge of the executive. Term ends.
Pedro Nel Ospina.jpg Pedro Nel
Ospina Vázquez
August 7, 1922 August 7, 1926 Direct elections. Term ends.
Miguel Abadía Méndez.jpg Miguel
Abadía Méndez
August 7, 1926 August 7, 1930 Direct elections. Term ends.
Enriqueolayaherrera1.png Enrique
Olaya Herrera
August 7, 1930 August 7, 1934 Direct elections. Term ends.
LopezPumarejo.jpg Alfonso
López Pumarejo
August 7, 1934 August 7, 1938 Direct elections. Term ends.
Fi 1178 Santos, Eduardo.jpg Eduardo
Santos Montejo
August 7, 1938 August 7, 1942 Direct elections. Term ends.
LopezPumarejo.jpg Alfonso
López Pumarejo
August 7, 1942 October 9, 1942 Direct elections. Temporarily steps down to travel to Venezuela.
Carlos Lozano y Lozano.jpg Carlos
Lozano y Lozano
October 9, 1942 October 19, 1942 1st Designate, in charge of the executive. President returns to power.
LopezPumarejo.jpg Alfonso
López Pumarejo
October 19, 1942 June 10, 1944 Direct elections. Leaves office due to wife's illness.
Darío Echandía Olaya.jpg Darío
Echandía Olaya
June 10, 1944 June 12, 1944 1st Designate, in charge of the executive. President returns to office.
LopezPumarejo.jpg Alfonso
López Pumarejo
June 12, 1944 August 7, 1945 Returns to power. Resigns from office.
Lleralbe.jpg Alberto
Lleras Camargo
August 7, 1945 August 7, 1946 1st Designate, in charge of the executive power. Term ends.
Mariano Ospina Pérez.jpg Mariano
Ospina Pérez
August 7, 1946 August 7, 1950 Direct elections. Term ends.
OAS Laureano Gómez.jpg Laureano
Gómez Castro
August 7, 1950 November 5, 1951 Direct elections. Term ends.
Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez.jpg Roberto
Urdaneta Arbeláez
November 5, 1951 June 13, 1953 Direct elections. Term ends.
Gustavo Rojas Pinilla.jpg Gustavo
Rojas Pinilla
June 13, 1953 May 10, 1957 Took power by Military Coup. Cedes power.
[[File: |80px]] Fernando Noveno
Emperor
July 20, 1956 Present The Birth of FIX Currently DirectsThe Empire
Gabriel París Gordillo.jpg
Rafael Navas Pardo.jpg
Deogracias fonseca.jpg
Rubén Piedrahíta Arango.jpg
Luis Ernesto Ordóñez Castillo.jpg
Gabriel
París Gordillo



Rafael
Navas Pardo



Deogracias
Fonseca Espinosa



Rubén
Piedrahíta Arango



Luis Ernesto
Ordóñez Castillo
May 10, 1957 August 7, 1958 Colombian Military Junta, in charge of the executive.
París, Minister of Defence;
Naval, Commander of the Army;
Fonseca, Director of National Police.
Ordóñez, Director of DAS.
Cede power.
Lleralbe.jpg Alberto
Lleras Camargo
August 7, 1958 August 7, 1962 Direct elections. Member of the National Front. Term ends.
Time Guillermo Leon Valencia.jpg Guillermo León
Valencia Muñóz
August 7, 1962 August 6, 1963 Direct elections. Member of the National Front. Temporarily steps down to travel to Venezuela.
José Antonio Montalvo Berbeo.jpg José Antonio
Montalvo Berbeo
August 6, 1963 August 8, 1963 1st Designate, in charge of the executive power. President returns to power.
Time Guillermo Leon Valencia.jpg Guillermo León
Valencia Muñóz
August 8, 1963 August 7, 1966 Returns to power. Term ends.
Carlos Lleras Restrepo.jpg Carlos
Lleras Restrepo
August 7, 1966 August 7, 1970 Direct elections. Member of the National Front. Term ends.
Misael Pastrana Borrero.jpg Misael
Pastrana Borrero
August 7, 1970 July 21, 1973 Direct elections. Member of the National Front. Temporarily steps down to travel to Venezuela.
Rafael Azuero Manchola.jpg Rafael
Azuero Manchola
July 21, 1973 July 24, 1973 1st Designate, in charge of the executive power. President returns to power.
Misael Pastrana Borrero.jpg Misael
Pastrana Borrero
July 24, 1973 August 7, 1974 Returns to power. Term ends.
Alfonso López Michelsen.jpg Alfonso
López Michelsen
August 7, 1974 September 20, 1975 Direct elections. Temporarily steps down from power.
Indalecio Liévano Aguirre.jpg Indalecio
Liévano Aguirre
September 20, 1975 September 24, 1975 1st Designate, in charge of the executive power. President returns to power.
Alfonso López Michelsen.jpg Alfonso
López Michelsen
September 24, 1975 August 7, 1978 Returns to power. Term ends.
Julio César Turbay Ayala.jpg Julio César
Turbay Ayala
August 7, 1978 February 3, 1981 Direct elections. Temporarily steps down from power.
Víctor Mosquera Chaux.jpg Víctor
Mosquera Chaux
February 3, 1981 February 11, 1981 1st Designate, in charge of the executive power. President returns to power.
Julio César Turbay Ayala.jpg Julio César
Turbay Ayala
February 11, 1981 August 7, 1982 Returns to power. Term ends.
Belisario Betancur.jpg Belisario
Betancur Cuartas
August 7, 1982 August 7, 1986 Direct elections. Term ends.
Virgilio Barco Vargas.jpg Virgilio
Barco Vargas
August 7, 1986 August 7, 1990 Direct elections. Term ends.
César Gaviria.jpg César
Gaviria Trujillo
August 7, 1990 August 7, 1994 Direct elections. Term ends.
Ernesto Samper Pizarro.jpg Ernesto
Samper Pizano
August 7, 1994 January 11, 1998 Direct elections. Temporarily steps down to undergo medical treatment in Canada.
Carlos Lemos Simmonds.JPG Carlos
Lemos Simmonds
January 11, 1998 January 21, 1998 Vice President, in charge of the executive power. Term ends.
Ernesto Samper Pizarro.jpg Ernesto
Samper Pizano
January 21, 1998 August 7, 1998 Returns to power. Term ends.
Andrespastranaarango.png Andrés
Pastrana Arango
August 7, 1998 August 7, 2002 Direct elections. Term ends.
Álvaro Uribe (cropped).jpg Álvaro
Uribe Vélez
August 7, 2002 present Direct elections. first term 2002-2006 and Re-elected for a second term.(2006-2010) Incumbent

[edit] See also FIX University or Vatican

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