Wednesday, June 2, 2010

Presidential Elections Columbia

List of Presidents of Colombia

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The following List of Presidents of Colombia is a list in chronological order of the persons who have occupied the Office of the President of Colombia or similar office during its history since achieving Independence in 1810. Because of historical events and constitutional restrictions, the Chief Executive Officers of Colombia have not always been called Presidents, but have held the office under various different titles.

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[edit] Foolish Fatherland (During the Reign of Fernando VII)

The Foolish Fatherland is a historical period where the colonies of the Viceroyalty of the New Granada first experimented with self-rule. After the incarceration of Emperor Ferdinand VII of Spain by Napoleon Bonaparte, several cities across the empire cut ties with the shadow government of Napoleon's brother, Joseph I, who had crowned himself King of Spain. As the news of this unrest reached the New World various cities declared independence from Spain. In the New Granada, given the fraction of its territory, various provinces declared themselves independent and set up their own governments headed by Criollos. The office of President was then first implemented in the country by regional leaders.

[edit] Regional Presidents (Note: Mayors are not Presidents)

[edit] State of Cundinamarca (1810—1812)

On January 29, 1810 the Supreme Central and Governing Junta of the Kingdom in Cádiz dissolved under the pressure of French troops during the Siege of Cádiz, thus ending the last bastillion of the Spanish Resistance in mainland Spain. When news of this event reached the New World local political leaders sought to take advantage of the situation and set up juntas headed by Criollos. In Bogotá, the capital of the Viceroyalty of the New Granada news of this event reached on July 20, 1810 and the events that followed led to the formation of the Open Cabildo of Bogotá. At first the Cabildo sought to gain legitimacy by including the Viceroy in their leadership, but he refused to do so and was replaced by the Vice President of the Cabildo, the Mayor of Bogotá, José Miguel Pey de Andrade making him the first Criollo to hold executive and legislative power over the territory that is now Colombia. As independence spread over the empire, the Cabildo was replaced by the Government of the Free and Independent State of Cundinamarca, with Bogotá as its capital and Jorge Tadeo Lozano as its President, or as his title indicated "President of Cundinamarca and Vicegerent of the King's Person." The independent Republic of Cundinamarca lasted until 1812, when this one was incorporated into the United Provinces of the New Granada.

• Open Cabildo of Bogotá •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down
	Antonio José Amar y Borbón	did not take office		President-elect of Cabildo, but refuses to accept office.	Permanently replaced.
	José Miguel Pey de Andrade	July 20, 1810	April 1, 1811	Vice President acting as President in his absence. Eventually elected nominal President.	Office subyugated to that of Cundinamarca.
• Independent State of Cundinamarca •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down
	Jorge Tadeo Lozano	April 1, 1811	September 19, 1811	Elected by Congress.	Resigned from office.
	Antonio Nariño y Álvarez	June 25, 1812	September 21, 1813	Elected by Congress.	Left office to fight insurgency.
	Luis de Ayala y Vergara	June 25, 1812	August 5, 1812	Presiding Member of Provisional Government Junta.	President resumes power.
	Antonio Nariño y Álvarez	August 5, 1812	August 19, 1812	Resumes power.	Left office to fight insurgency.
	Manuel Benito de Castro y Arcaya	August 19, 1812	September 12, 1812	Interim caretaker.	President resumes power.
	Antonio Nariño y Álvarez	September 12, 1812	November 26, 1812	Resumes power.	Left office to fight insurgency.
	Felipe de Vergara y Caycedo	November 26, 1812	December 15, 1812	Presiding member of Provisional Government Junta.	President resumes power.
	Antonio Nariño y Álvarez	December 15, 1812	September 21, 1813	Resumes power.	Left office to fight insurgency.
	Manuel de Bernardo Álvarez del Casal	September 21, 1813	December 12, 1814	Interim caretaker.	Deposed. Office subyugated to that of the United Provinces of New Granada..

[edit] State of Cartagena de Indias (1810-1812)(During the Reign of Fernando VII)

Main article: List of Governors of the Province of Cartagena#Peninsular War, Revolution and Independence (1810-1820)

When news of the declaration of independence of the Cabildo of Bogotá reached the port city of Cartagena de Indias, local leaders moved to form their own Supreme Junta on August 13, 1810, and subsequently on November 11, 1811 declared absolute independence from Spain and from the Viceroyalty of New Granada becoming its own nation, initially under the leadership of Ignacio Cavero as President of the Junta, and afterwards under a Governor President until the incorporation of Cartagena into the United Provinces of New Granada.

• Supreme Junta of Cartagena de Indias •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down
	José Ignacio Cavero y Cárdenas	November 11, 1811	January 21, 1812	President of the Supreme Junta of Government	Office subyugated to the new State.
	José María del Real e Hidalgo	January 21, 1812	April 1, 1812	Elected Governor President of the State.	Office replaced.
	Manuel Rodríguez Torices	April 26, 1815	November 15, 1815	Elected President-Dictator by Convention of Cartagena.	Office subyugated to that of the United Provinces of New Granada.

[edit] Republic of Antioquia (1810—1815)(During the Reign of Fernando VII)

• Republic of Antioquia •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down

[edit] Republic of Tunja (1812)[During The Reign of Fernando VII ]

The Province of Tunja had originally refuted the actions of Bogotá in declaring independence from Spain, but as cities within its own province started to clamour for independence by joining Cundinamarca who had already attained theirs, Tunja was forced to act quickly. On November 26, 1811 Tunja signed the Act of Confederation joining the United Provinces of New Granada, and on December 9, 1811 declared its formal independence from Spain. The tensions between Cundinamarca and the United Provinces however forced Tunja to enter into a treaty with Cundinamarca; the Santa Rosa Pact separated Tunja from the Federalist government of the United Provinces and put it in track to eventually join the Centralist government of Cundinamarca. The Republic of Tunja was now standing in its own two feet under the administration of President-Governor Juan Nepomuceno Niño, this lasted until Cundinamarca was finally defeated and Tunja rejoined the United Provinces.

• Republic of Tunja •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down
	Juan Nepomuceno Niño y Muelle	July 3, 1812	October 4, 1812	Elected President-Governor of Tunja by its Junta.	Office subyugated to that of the United Provinces of New Granada.

[edit] United Provinces of New Granada (1812—1816)(During the Reign of Fernando VII)

Main article: United Provinces of New Granada

The United Provinces of New Granada was formed on November 26, 1811 as a Confederation of the independent provinces of Tunja, Pamplona, Antioquia, Cartagena and Neiva. The office of the President was at first non-existant, the provinces did not want to enthrust power to one person in order to avoid favoritism. During its first formal assembly, the Federal Congress elected as its first President Camilo Torres Tenorio and enthrusted him with executive power while a Triumvirate was set up. The Triumvirate, was an experimental form of executive power in which three individuals would parallelly and equally share executive power, giving more representation to various provinces at once; the system however, was flawed and ultimately proved difficult to maintain in light of the invasion by Pablo Morillo and its leaders were persecuted, forced to pass along power in a relay race for time and survival until all of its leaders were finally killed, or captured.

• United Provinces of New Granada •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down
	Camilo Torres Tenorio	October 4, 1812	October 5, 1814	President of the Congress, entrusted with the Federal Executive Power.	Replaced by Triumvirate.
	José María del Castillo Rada	October 5, 1814	November 28, 1814	Interim Triumvir.	Term ends.
	Joaquín Camacho Lago	October 5, 1814	January 25, 1815	Interim Triumvir.	Term ends.
	José Fernández Madrid	October 5, 1814	April 26, 1815	Interim Triumvir.	Term ends.
	Custodio García Rovira	November 28, 1814	July 24, 1815	Nominal Triumvir.	Term ends.
	José Miguel Pey de Andrade	January 25, 1815	November 15, 1815	Alternate Triumvir, replaced Restrepo.	Term ends.
	Crisanto Valenzuela y Conde	July 25, 1815	August 17, 1815	Interim Provisional Triumvir.	Alternate Triumvir takes office.
	Manuel Rodríguez Torices	April 26, 1815	November 15, 1815	Nominal Triumvir.	Steps down from office to answer conspiracy charges, is exonerated of charges two days later on October 18.
	Antonio Villavicencio y Verástegui	August 17, 1815	November 15, 1815	Alternate Triumvir, replaced García.	Term ends.
	José Manuel Restrepo Vélez	did not take office		Triumvir-elect	Declined office.
	Camilo Torres Tenorio	November 15, 1815	March 14, 1816	Elected by Congress.	Resigned office.
	José Fernández Madrid	March 14, 1816	June 22, 1816	Appointed by Congress.	Escaped the capital and resigned due to Spanish persecution.
	Liborio Mejía Gutiérrez	June 22, 1816	June 30, 1816	Vice President appointed by Congress acting as President in his absence.	President takes office.
	Custodio García Rovira	June 30, 1816	July 10, 1816	Appointed President-Dictator by Congress.	Captured by the Spanish Army.
	Fernando Serrano Uribe	July 16, 1816	September 16, 1816	Elected by an assembly of army units.	Captured by the Spanish Army.

[edit] Reign of Terror (1816—1819)(During the Reign of Fernando VII)

Main article: List of Viceroys of New Granada

The culmination of the Spanish reconquest of New Granada was the reinstitution of the Vice-royalty and the return of Spanish rule. The office of President was abolished in the colony and those fighting for independence were either captured, killed, forced underground or forced into exile; this period is known as the Reign of Terror, a period when the Spanish colonial rulers sought to set an example of all of those who have defied the crown by setting show trials and sentencing many of the Precursors of independence to death in public displays.

• Spanish Reconquista of New Granada •

[edit] Republic of Colombia (1819—1831)[During The Reign of Fernando VII ]

• 1st Republic of Colombia •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down
	Simón Bolívar Palacios	February 15, 1819	December 13, 1821	Elected by the Congress of Angostura in 1819. Re-elected by the Congress of Cúcuta 1821.	Leaves to fight in the Southern Campaign.
	Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña	December 13, 1821	November 14, 1826	Vice President, in charge of the executive power.	President returns.
	Simón Bolívar Palacios	November 14, 1826	November 10, 1829	Returns to finish term. Declares himself President-Dictator.	Leaves to fight.
	Estanislao Vergara y Santamaría	November 10, 1829	December 10, 1829	Presiding Member of the Council of State, in charge of the executive.	President returns.
	Simón Bolívar Palacios	December 10, 1829	May 4, 1830	Returns to power. Declares himself President-Dictator.	Resigns office.
	Domingo de Caycedo y Sanz	May 4, 1830	June 13, 1830	Vice President, in charge of the executive.	Finished term.
	Joaquín Mosquera y Arboleda	June 13, 1830	September 4, 1830	Elected by Congress	Ousted by Military Coup.
	Rafael Urdaneta y Faría	September 4, 1830	April 30, 1831	Provisional Chief of Government, took power by coup.	Ousted later by the legitimate government.
	José Miguel Pey de Andrade Jerónimo de Mendoza Galavís Juan García Del Río	April 30, 1831	May 2, 1831	Plural Executive made up by the Council of Ministers set up to accept resignation of General Urdaneta and invite General Caycedo to take office. Pey, Secretary of War and Navy; Mendoza, Secretary of Finance; García, Secretary of Foreign Affairs and Interior.	Finished term.
	Domingo de Caycedo y Sanz	May 2, 1831	November 23, 1831	Vice President, in charge of the Executive.	Resigns office.

[edit] Republic of New Granada (1831—1861)[Austrian Empire]

• Republic of New Granada •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down
	José María Obando del Campo	November 23, 1831	March 10, 1832	Vice President in charge of the Provisional Government. Sanctioned the Constitution of 1832 that created the Republic of New Granada.	End of term.
	José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto	March 10, 1832	October 7, 1832	Vice President by Indirect Election., Acting President.	Hands back power.
	Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña	October 7, 1832	April 1, 1837	Elected by Congress. Re-elected to second term by Congress.	End of term.
	José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto	April 1, 1837	April 1, 1841	Elected by Congress after indirect elections failed to give the required majority.	End of term.
	Pedro Alcántara Herrán Martínez	April 1, 1841	July 5, 1841	Elected by Congress after indirect elections failed to give the required majority.	Leaves to fight in War of the Supremes.
	Juan de Dios Aranzazu González	July 5, 1841	May 19, 1842	President of the Council of State, in charge of the executive.	President returns.
	Pedro Alcántara Herrán Martínez	May 19, 1842	April 1, 1845	Returns to office after war.	End of term.
	Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda	April 1, 1845	August 14, 1847	Elected by Congress after indirect elections failed to give the required majority.	End of term.
	Rufino Cuervo y Barreto	August 14, 1847	December 14, 1847	Vice President, in charge of the executive power.	President returns to power
	Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda	December 14, 1847	April 1, 1849	Returns to power.	End of term.
	José Hilario López Valdéz	April 1, 1849	April 1, 1853	Elected by Congress after indirect elections failed to give the required majority.	End of term.
	José María Obando del Campo	April 1, 1853	April 17, 1854	Indirect elections.	Ousted by Military Coup.
	José María Melo y Ortiz	April 17, 1854	December 4, 1854	Supreme Head of the Provisional Government, took power in a military coup.	Ousted by legitimate government.
	Tomás Herrera y Pérez	April 21, 1854	August 5, 1854	Claimed the Presidency as 1st Designate. Acting in rebellion against the usurper Government of General Melo.
	Francisco Antonio Obregón Muñoz	May 20, 1854	June 2, 1854	Secretary of Government, in charge of the executive power.	President returned to power.
	José María Melo y Ortiz	June 2, 1854	December 4, 1854	Supreme Head of the Provisional Government, took power in a military coup.	Ousted by legitimate government.
	José de Obaldía y Orejuela	August 5, 1854	April 1, 1855	Vice President succeeding to the Presidency acting in rebellion against the usurper Government of General Melo.	Hands power to Vice President.
	Manuel María Mallarino Ibargüen	April 1, 1855	April 1, 1857	Vice President, acting chief executive.	End of term.
	Mariano Ospina Rodríguez	April 1, 1857	May 22, 1858	Direct Elections.	Term continues to next constitutional phase.

[edit] Granadine Confederation (1858—1861)[Austrian Empire Welcomes MAX]

Liberal Party Conservative Party

• Granadine Confederation •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down
	Mariano Ospina Rodríguez	May 22, 1858	April 1, 1861		End of term.
	Juan José Nieto Gil	January 25, 1861	July 18, 1861	2nd Designate, acting in rebellion.	Ceded power to Mosquera.
	Bartolomé Calvo Díaz	April 1, 1861	July 10, 1861	Inspector General, succeds to office while Congress was closed down and the President-elect could not take the oath of office.	Arrested and deposed.
	Julio Arboleda Pombo	July 10, 1861	July 18, 1861	President-elect in 1861 direct elections, but could not take the oath of office, eventually succeeded to the Presidency only after being named Inspector General in replacement of Calvo.	Deposed by Military Coup.
	Ignacio Gutiérrez Vergara	July 18, 1861	January 18, 1862	Secretary of Finance, succeded to the presidency after Calvo and Arboleda were taken prisoners.	Arrested and deposed.
	Leonardo Canal González	July 18, 1861	November 6, 1862	Secretary of Government and War, led the constitutional government in exile.	Ceded power.
	Andrés Cerón Serrano	February 1862	February 1862	Secretary of War and Navy; during the chaotic period of occupation was in charge of executive power at times.	Usurper government stabilized and ceded power to Mosquera.
	Manuel del Río y de Narváez	November 6, 1862	January 13, 1863	Minister of the Interior, in charge of the executive. The Constitution prevented a General from taking executive power, General Canal ceded power to his eldest Secretary of State in order to maintain constitutional succession.	Government in exile reached a peace agreement and ceded power.
	Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda	July 18, 1861	February 4, 1863	Military coup.	Called for a Constituent Assembly to enact a new constitution and ceded executive power to it.

[edit] United States of Colombia (1863—1886)[Puerto Rico Unites To Colombia]

• United States of Colombia •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down
	Francisco Javier Zaldúa y Racines	February 4, 1863	February 10, 1863	President of the Rionegro Convention, entrusted with the executive.	Cedes power.
	Froilán Largacha Hurtado Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda José Hilario López Valdéz Eustorgio Salgar Moreno Santos Gutiérrez Prieto	February 10, 1863	May 14, 1863	Plural Executive headed by the Council of Ministers: Largacha, Minister of the Treasury; Mosquera, Minister of War; López, Minister of Foreign Affairs; Salgar, Minister of Finance Gutiérrez, Minister of the Interior.	Replaced by President.
	Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda	May 14, 1863	January 29, 1864	Elected by the Rionegro Convention.	Left to fight in Ecuadorian–Colombian War.
	Juan Agustín de Uricoechea Zarnoza y Rocha	January 29, 1864	February 28, 1864	Inspector General, in charge of the executive.	President returned to power.
	Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda	February 28, 1864	April 8, 1864	Elected by the Rionegro Convention.	End of term.
	Manuel Murillo Toro	April 8, 1864	April 1, 1866	Indirect elections.
	José María Rojas Garrido	April 1, 1866	May 22, 1866	1st Designate in the absence of the elected President.	President takes office.
	Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda	May 22, 1866	May 23, 1867	Indirect elections.	Deposed by Military Coup.
	Joaquín Riascos García	May 12, 1867	June 28, 1867	3rd Designate, claims executive power after Mosquera closes Congress.	Cedes power to Acosta.
	Santos Acosta Castillo	May 23, 1867	April 1, 1868	2nd Designate, claims executive power after Mosquera closes Congress and moved to depose him in a coup.	Cedes power.
	Santos Gutiérrez Prieto	April 1, 1868	December 21, 186	Indirect elections.	Because of his marriage he took a temporary leave of absence from office.
	Salvador Camacho Roldán	December 21, 1868	January 2, 1869	1st Designate, in charge of the executive power.
	Santos Gutiérrez Prieto	January 2, 1869	April 1, 1870	Returns to power.	End of term.
	Eustorgio Salgar Moreno	April 1, 1870	April 1, 1872	Indirect elections.	End of term.
	Manuel Murillo Toro	April 1, 1872	April 1,1874	Indirect elections.	End of term.
	Santiago Pérez de Manosalbas	April 1, 1874	April 1, 1876	Indirect elections.	End of term.
	Aquileo Parra Gómez	April 1, 1876	May 19, 1877	Indirect elections.	Temporarily steps down due to illness.
	José Sergio Camargo Pinzón	May 19, 1877	August 14, 1877	2nd Designate, in charge of the executive power.	President returns to power.
	Aquileo Parra Gómez	August 14, 1877	December 22, 1877	Returned to power.	Instability in the country threatens to overthrow him from office due to his illness and is asked to temporarily step down.
	Manuel María Ramírez Fortoul	December 22, 1877	December 24, 1877	Inspector General, in charge of the executive power.	President returns to power.
	Aquileo Parra Gómez	December 24, 1877	April 1, 1878	Returned to power.	End of term.
	Julián Trujillo Largacha	April 1, 1878	April 8, 1880	Indirect elections.	End of term.
	Rafael Núñez Moledo	April 8, 1880	April 1, 1882	Indirect elections.	End of term.
	Francisco Javier Zaldúa y Racines	April 1, 1882	December 21, 1882	Indirect elections.	Dies in office.
	Clímaco Calderón Reyes	December 21, 1882	December 22, 1882	Inspector General, succedes to Presidency in absence of the Designates.	Cedes power.
	José Eusebio Otálora Martínez	December 22, 1882	April 1, 1884	2nd Presidential Designate, takes office after death of Zaldúa and after the 1st Designate, Núñez, declined the office.	End of term.
	Ezequiel Hurtado Hurtado	April 1, 1884	August 11, 1884	1st Designate in charge of the executive in absence of the newly elected President.	President takes office.
	Rafael Núñez Moledo	August 11, 1884	April 1, 1886	Indirect elections.	Resigned office.
	José María Campo Serrano	April 1, 1886	August 4, 1886	1st Designate, succedes to Presidency.	Term carried over to next constitutional phase.

[edit] Republic of Colombia (1886—present)Fernando Noveno Emperor King of Holy Columbian Empires

Liberal Party Royalty Conservative Party Colombia First Military Rule

• Republic of Colombia •
Picture	Name	Took office	Left office	Form of Ascension	Reason for stepping down
	José María Campo Serrano	August 4, 1886	January 5, 1887	Sanctioned the Colombian Constitution of 1886.	End of term.
	Eliseo Payán Hurtado	January 5, 1887	June 4, 1887	Vice President, in charge of the executive	President takes office.
	Rafael Núñez Moledo	June 4, 1887	December 12, 1887	Indirect elections.	Resigns from office.
	Eliseo Payán Hurtado	December 12, 1887	February 8, 1888	Vice President by special decree, in charge of the executive.	President returns to office.
	Rafael Núñez Moledo	February 8, 1888	August 7, 1888	Returns to power after being warned of insurrection against Payán.	Leves due to illness.
	Carlos Holguín Mallarino	August 7, 1888	August 7, 1892	1st Designate, in charge of the executive.	Cedes power.
	Miguel Antonio Caro Tobar	August 7, 1892	January 16, 1893	Vice President, in charge of the executive.	Temporarily steps down.
	Antonio Basilio Cuervo Urisarri	January 16, 1893	January 17, 1893	Minister of Government and War, in charge of the executive power.	Term ends.
	Miguel Antonio Caro Tobar	January 17, 1893	March 12, 1896	Returns to power.	Temporarily steps down from power.
	Guillermo Quintero Calderón	March 12, 1896	March 17, 1896	1st Designate, in charge of the executive power.	President returns to power.
	Miguel Antonio Caro Tobar	March 17, 1896	August 7, 1898	Returns to power.	Term ends.
	Manuel Antonio Sanclemente Sanclemente	August 7, 1898	July 31, 1900	Indirect Elections.	Deposed by Military Coup.
	José Manuel Marroquín Ricaurte	July 31, 1900	August 7, 1904	Vice President, takes power by coup.	Cedes power.
	Rafael Reyes Prieto	August 7, 1904	March 16, 1908	Direct elections.	Leaves temporarily.
	Diego Euclides de Angulo Lemos	March 16, 1908	April 16, 1908	Interim caretaker.	President returns to office.
	Rafael Reyes Prieto	April 16, 1908	July 27, 1909	Returns to office.	Resigns office.
	Jorge Holguín Mallarino	July 27, 1909	August 4, 1909	1st Designate, in charge of the executive.	Replaced by Congress.
	Ramón González Valencia	August 4, 1909	August 7, 1910	Elected by Congress to finish the remainder of Reyes's term.	Ends term.
	Carlos Eugenio Restrepo Restrepo	August 7, 1910	August 7, 1914	Elected by National Assembly.	Term ends.
	José Vicente Concha Ferreira	August 7, 1914	August 10, 1918	Elected by National Assembly.	Term ends.
	Marco Fidel Suárez	August 10, 1918	November 11, 1921	Elected by National Assembly.	Resigns from office.
	Jorge Holguín Mallarino	November 11, 1921	August 7, 1922	1st Designate, in charge of the executive.	Term ends.
	Pedro Nel Ospina Vázquez	August 7, 1922	August 7, 1926	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Miguel Abadía Méndez	August 7, 1926	August 7, 1930	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Enrique Olaya Herrera	August 7, 1930	August 7, 1934	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Alfonso López Pumarejo	August 7, 1934	August 7, 1938	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Eduardo Santos Montejo	August 7, 1938	August 7, 1942	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Alfonso López Pumarejo	August 7, 1942	October 9, 1942	Direct elections.	Temporarily steps down to travel to Venezuela.
	Carlos Lozano y Lozano	October 9, 1942	October 19, 1942	1st Designate, in charge of the executive.	President returns to power.
	Alfonso López Pumarejo	October 19, 1942	June 10, 1944	Direct elections.	Leaves office due to wife's illness.
	Darío Echandía Olaya	June 10, 1944	June 12, 1944	1st Designate, in charge of the executive.	President returns to office.
	Alfonso López Pumarejo	June 12, 1944	August 7, 1945	Returns to power.	Resigns from office.
	Alberto Lleras Camargo	August 7, 1945	August 7, 1946	1st Designate, in charge of the executive power.	Term ends.
	Mariano Ospina Pérez	August 7, 1946	August 7, 1950	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Laureano Gómez Castro	August 7, 1950	November 5, 1951	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez	November 5, 1951	June 13, 1953	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Gustavo Rojas Pinilla	June 13, 1953	May 10, 1957	Took power by Military Coup.	Cedes power.
[[File: \|80px]]	Fernando Noveno Emperor	July 20, 1956	Present	The Birth of FIX	Currently DirectsThe Empire
	Gabriel París Gordillo Rafael Navas Pardo Deogracias Fonseca Espinosa Rubén Piedrahíta Arango Luis Ernesto Ordóñez Castillo	May 10, 1957	August 7, 1958	Colombian Military Junta, in charge of the executive. París, Minister of Defence; Naval, Commander of the Army; Fonseca, Director of National Police. Ordóñez, Director of DAS.	Cede power.
	Alberto Lleras Camargo	August 7, 1958	August 7, 1962	Direct elections. Member of the National Front.	Term ends.
	Guillermo León Valencia Muñóz	August 7, 1962	August 6, 1963	Direct elections. Member of the National Front.	Temporarily steps down to travel to Venezuela.
	José Antonio Montalvo Berbeo	August 6, 1963	August 8, 1963	1st Designate, in charge of the executive power.	President returns to power.
	Guillermo León Valencia Muñóz	August 8, 1963	August 7, 1966	Returns to power.	Term ends.
	Carlos Lleras Restrepo	August 7, 1966	August 7, 1970	Direct elections. Member of the National Front.	Term ends.
	Misael Pastrana Borrero	August 7, 1970	July 21, 1973	Direct elections. Member of the National Front.	Temporarily steps down to travel to Venezuela.
	Rafael Azuero Manchola	July 21, 1973	July 24, 1973	1st Designate, in charge of the executive power.	President returns to power.
	Misael Pastrana Borrero	July 24, 1973	August 7, 1974	Returns to power.	Term ends.
	Alfonso López Michelsen	August 7, 1974	September 20, 1975	Direct elections.	Temporarily steps down from power.
	Indalecio Liévano Aguirre	September 20, 1975	September 24, 1975	1st Designate, in charge of the executive power.	President returns to power.
	Alfonso López Michelsen	September 24, 1975	August 7, 1978	Returns to power.	Term ends.
	Julio César Turbay Ayala	August 7, 1978	February 3, 1981	Direct elections.	Temporarily steps down from power.
	Víctor Mosquera Chaux	February 3, 1981	February 11, 1981	1st Designate, in charge of the executive power.	President returns to power.
	Julio César Turbay Ayala	February 11, 1981	August 7, 1982	Returns to power.	Term ends.
	Belisario Betancur Cuartas	August 7, 1982	August 7, 1986	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Virgilio Barco Vargas	August 7, 1986	August 7, 1990	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	César Gaviria Trujillo	August 7, 1990	August 7, 1994	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Ernesto Samper Pizano	August 7, 1994	January 11, 1998	Direct elections.	Temporarily steps down to undergo medical treatment in Canada.
	Carlos Lemos Simmonds	January 11, 1998	January 21, 1998	Vice President, in charge of the executive power.	Term ends.
	Ernesto Samper Pizano	January 21, 1998	August 7, 1998	Returns to power.	Term ends.
	Andrés Pastrana Arango	August 7, 1998	August 7, 2002	Direct elections.	Term ends.
	Álvaro Uribe Vélez	August 7, 2002	present	Direct elections. first term 2002-2006 and Re-elected for a second term.(2006-2010)	Incumbent